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\beginchapter Appendix I. Index

\maxdepth=4pt
The author has tried to provide as complete an index as possible, so that
people will be able to find things that are tucked away in obscure
corners of this long book. Therefore the index itself is rather long. A
short summary of the simpler aspects of \TeX\ appears at the beginning of
Appendix~B; a summary of special symbols appears at the end of Appendix~F;
a summary of other special things appears under `tables' below.

\medskip\ninepoint
Page numbers are \underbar{underlined} in the index when they represent
the definition or the main source of information about whatever is being
indexed. \ (Underlined entries are the most definitive, but not
necessarily the easiest for a beginner to understand.) \ A page number is
given in italics (e.g., `{\it123\/}') when that page contains an instructive
example of how the concept in question might be used.  Sometimes both
underlining and italics are appropriate.  When an index entry refers to a
page containing a relevant exercise, the answer to that exercise (in
Appendix~A) might divulge further information; an answer page is not
indexed here unless it refers to a topic that isn't included in the
statement of the relevant exercise.

\smallskip
Control sequence names that are preceded by an asterisk (*) in this index are
primitives of \TeX; i.e., they are built in. It may be dangerous to
redefine them.

\begindoublecolumns
\eightpoint \baselineskip=9.9pt % shooting for 53 lines/page
\parskip=0pt plus .8pt
\newdimen\sqht \sqht=2.4pt % \square
\newbox\astbox \setbox\astbox=\hbox to0pt{\hss\lower1pt\hbox{*}}
\raggedright \tolerance=5000 \hbadness=5000 \parfillskip 0pt plus 3em
\ttglue=.4em
\def\<#1>{\leavevmode\hbox{$\mkern-2mu\langle$#1\/$\rangle$}}
\let\oldcstok=\cstok
\def\cstok{\leavevmode\kern-2pt\oldcstok}
\def\vdots{\vbox{\baselineskip 3\p@\kern2\p@\hbox{.}\hbox{.}\hbox{.}}}
\def\ddots{\mathinner{\mskip1mu\raise5\p@\vbox{\kern2\p@\hbox{.}}\mskip2mu
    \raise3\p@\hbox{.}\mskip2mu\raise\p@\hbox{.}\mskip1mu}}
\def\cong{\mathrel{\mathpalette\@v@req\sim}} % congruence sign
\def\@v@req#1#2{\lower.5\p@\vbox{\baselineskip\z@skip\lineskip-.0\p@
    \ialign{$\m@th#1\hfil##\hfil$\crcr#2\crcr=\crcr}}}
\def\see{{\sl see\/}~\ignorespaces}
\def\also{\hfil\penalty50\hfilneg{\sl see~also\/}~\ignorespaces}
\let\oldttv=\ttverbatim
\let\+=\relax
\def\sub{\penalty100 \vskip -\parskip \quad}
\def\LaTeX{L\kern-.25em\raise.7ex\hbox{a}\kern-.05em\TeX}
\def\ttverbatim{\oldttv \catcode`\*=\other \catcode`\,=\other
  \catcode`\.=\other \catcode`\;=\other \catcode`\@=\other \catcode`\+=\other}
\let\comma=, \let\period=. \let\asterisk=* \let\semicolon=;
\def\backup{\leavevmode\kern-1pt}\catcode`\-=11
\catcode`\*=\active \def*{\leavevmode\copy\astbox}
\catcode`\,=\active \def,{\eightrm\comma}
\catcode`\;=\active \def;{\/\eightrm\semicolon}
\catcode`\.=\active \def.{\eightrm\period\par\hangindent 2em }
\catcode`\+=\active \def+#1{\ifcat0\noexpand#1$\setbox\z@\hbox{#1}\dp\z@=\z@
   \underline{\box\z@}$\let\next=+%
  \else\let\next=#1\fi \next}
\catcode`\@=\active \let@=\eightit
\parindent=0pt
\hyphenpenalty=10000 \exhyphenpenalty=10000
\def\newletter{\medbreak\hangindent 2em}
\hangindent 2em
\] (visible space), +3, 420, 429; \also \<space>, spaces.
*|\|\] (control space), @8, 10, 19, @73, @74, 86--87, 154, @163, @167, 283,
  +285, +290, 323, 351, @381.
|#| (hash mark), 38, 51, 113, @200--202, @+203, @204--205, 228, +235, @236--240.
|\#| ( \#\ ), 38, 51, +356.
|##|, 203--205, 228, @359--362, @378--379.
|###|, 88.
|#{|, 204, @401.
|$| (dollar sign), 4, 38, 51, 54, 86--88, @92, 127, @134--135, @185--186,
  +269, 283, +287, +293.
|\$| ( \$\ ), 38, 51, @202, @309, +356.
|$$|, 86--89, +185, @186--196, @232, +287, +293, @375--376, @421.
|%| (percent sign), @26, 38, 39, 43, 48, 51, 113, 124, @249, @337, @340, +343.
|\%| ( \%\ ), 38, 43--44, 51, +356.
|%%|, 112--113.
|&| (ampersand), 38, 51, @175--177, @190--196, @231--248, +282, 385--386.
\sub for preloaded formats, +25, 26, 344.
|\&| ( \&\ ), 38, 51, 53, +356.
|&&|, 241--242, @361, @412.
|'| (apostrophe or right quote), 3--5, 51, @130, 155, 201, @305, 324,
  394--395; \also octal.
|\'| (acute accent), @7--9, 52--53, @305, @335, +356, @420.
|''| ( '' ), @3--5, @24, 394--395.
|`| (reverse apostrophe or left quote), 3--5, 51, 132, 134, @305, 391, 394--395;
  \also alphabetic constant.
|\`| (grave accent), 8, 52--53, @305, +356.
|``| ( `` ), @3--5, @24, 394--395.
|"| (double quote or ditto mark), 52, 53, 134; \also hexadecimal.
|\"| (dieresis or umlaut accent), @7, 9, @24, @25, 52--53, 55, +356.
|(| (left parenthesis), 51, 134, @140, @145--150, 345.
|\(|, 409.
|)| (right parenthesis), 51, 134, @140, @145--150, 345.
|[| (left bracket), 51, 134, @146--148, 171, @408, @437.
|[]|, +28, @+79, @302.
|[1]|, 23, +119.
|]| (right bracket), 51, 134, @146--147, 171, 345, @408, @437.
|{| (left brace), @13--14, @19--21, 38, 51, @200--202, +203--+204, @205--206,
  216, +269, 275--276, +283, +286, +291, @330.
|\{| ( $\{$ ), 134, @146--147, @174--175, +361.
|{}|, @19, @54, 82, 95, 114, @129, 130, 150, 169, @196, @242, 253, 262,
  @305, @315, @318, 351, 393.
|}| (right brace), @13--14, @19--21, 38, 51, @200--202, +203--+204, @205--206,
  +269, 275--276, +279, 301, @330.
|\}| ( $\}$ ), 134, @146--147, @174--175, +361.
\goodbreak
|+| (plus sign), 51, 132, 268.
|\+| (begin tabbed line), @231--234, 249, 339, +354.
|-| (hyphen or minus), @4, 51, 93, 95, @127, 132, 268.
*|\-| (discretionary hyphen), 95, 283, 287, 292.
|--|, |---|, \see en-dash, em-dash.
$\pm$, \see |\pm|.
$\mp$, \see |\mp|.
|*| (asterisk), 23, 25, 51, 99, 113, 116, @132--133, 154, @326.
|\*| (discretionary $\times$), 173, +357.
|**|, 23, 25, 344.
|/| (slash), 51, @132, @146--147, @320, 430.
*|\/| (italic correction), @14, @64, +287, +292, @306, 382, 455.
\| (vertical line), 52, 53, 132, @146--147, @171, @174, 438.
|\|\| ( $\|$ ), @146--147, @171, +361, 435, 438.
|\| (backslash), @7, 38, 39, 40, 51, 146--147, +343, @436.
|\\|, 38, 378, 418.
|<| (less than sign), 52, 53, @133, 150, 154, 209.
\leavevmode{\tt\rlap<\char`\_}, 45, 135, 369; \also |\le|.
|=| (equals sign), 51, @133, 209, 226, 275, @376.
|\=| (macron accent), 52, @53, +356.
$\buildrel \rm def \over=$, 181, @437.
\leavevmode{\tt\rlap/=}, 45, 135, 369; \also |\ne|.
|>| (greater than sign), 52, 53, @133, 150, 209.
|\>| (medium space), 167, 171, +357.
\leavevmode{\tt\rlap>\char`\_}, 45, 135, 369; \also |\ge|.
\<>, \see angle brackets.
|,| (comma), 51, @72--73, @134, @161--162, @172--174, @394--395, 430.
|\,| (thin space), 5, @167--173, 305, +357, @409--410.
|.| (period), 51, @72--73, 133--134, 149, @161, +345, @394--395, 430.
\sub space after, @73--75; +76.
|\.| (dot accent), 52, +356.
$\ldots\,$, \see |\ldots|, ellipses.
$\cdots\,$, \see |\cdots|, ellipses.
\leavevmode\smash{$\vdots\,$}, \see |\vdots|, ellipses.
|;| (semicolon), 51, @134, 161.
|\;| (thick space), 167, 171, +357.
|:| (colon), 51, @133--134, @155, 161, @174, @438.
$:=$, 133.
|?|\hbox{ }(question mark), 31, 51, 73, 161.
|?`|\hbox{ }(open question), 51.
|!|\hbox{ }(exclamation point), 51, @72, 73, 75, 161, @169.
|!`|\hbox{ }(open exclamation), 51.
|\!| (negative thin space), +167, @169, +357.
|_| (underscore), 38, 51, @128--130, 134.
|\_| ( \_ ), 38, @165, +356.
|↑| (hat), 38, 51, @128--130, 134, 369, @423.
|\↑| (circumflex accent), 52--53, +356.
|↑↑|, 45, 47, @48, +368, 370, 423.
|↑↑M| (ASCII \<return>), 45, 249, 331, +343, 345, @348, @352, 380, @390--391,
  @421, 423.
|\↑↑M|, 8, @305, +351.
|~| (tilde), 38, 51, @91--92; \also ties.
|\~| (tilde accent), 52, +356, 387.
{\tt\char'13\char'14}, 135, 343, 368, 429; \also |\uparrow|, |\downarrow|.
|@| (at sign), 51, 98--99, 132, 134, @344, @364, @408, 414.
|@@|, 98--99.
|\@ne|, +345.
\newletter
|\aa| ( \aa\ ), +356.
|\AA| ( \AA\ ), +356.
abbreviations, @73--74, @340; \also macros.
*|\above| (general fraction), @143, 152, +292, 444--445.
*|\abovedisplayshortskip|, +189, 274, @348, @415.
*|\abovedisplayskip|, +189, +190, 194, 274, 291, @348, @415.
*|\abovewithdelims|, 152, +292, 444--445.
absolute value, @146, @149, @171, @175.
Acc atom, 158, 289, 443.
*|\accent| (general accent), 9, 54, 86, 283, 286.
accents (\'{} \`{} \"{} etc\period), 7, @52--53, @339, +356, 357, 427--429.
\sub as ligatures, 46, 54.
\sub in math, @135--137, 141, 164--165, +359, 435, +443.
\sub on top of accents, 136.
\sub table, 52, 135, 339.
|\active| (category 13), @241, +343, @395, @421.
active character, 37, 40, 209, 241, 307, 377, 380--381, 394--395.
active math character, 155, +289.
active spaces, 381, 394, 421.
|\acute| (math accent: $\acute x$), 135, +359.
acute accent (\'{}), \see |\'|, |\acute|.
|\address|, @403--404, +407.
*|\adjdemerits|, +98, 273, @314, @348.
*|\advance|, @21, @118--119, @218, @256, +276, @355.
|\advancepageno|, 256, @257, +362, @416.
|\ae| ( \ae\ ), vii, 17, 45--46, @52--53, @239, +356.
|\AE| ( \AE\ ), @52--53, +356.
*|\afterassignment|, 215, +279, @352, @364, @376, @401.
*|\aftergroup|, 215, +279, @363, @374, @377, 379.
`ain, \see reverse apostrophe.
al-Khw\↑arizm\↑\i, abu Ja`far Mu\d{h}ammad ibn M\↑us\↑a, 53.
|\aleph| ( $\aleph$ ), 9, +358, 435.
Alice, 4, 387, 394.
alignment displays, 190, 193, +291.
\<alignment material>, 282, 285.
alignments, 231--249, +282, 302--303, 385--386, 392; \also tabbing.
Alka-Seltzer, 404--405.
all caps, \see |\uppercase|.
Allen, Todd Andrew, 377.
allocation, 121--122, +346, +347.
|\allocationnumber|, 346.
|\allowbreak|, @174, +353, @396.
|\allowhyphens|, @394, +395.
|\alpha| ( $\alpha$ ), @127, @201, +358, 434.
|\Alpha|, 434.
alphabetic constants, @44--46, 215, +269, 270, 309, +367, 385.
alternatives, \see |\cases|.
|\amalg| ( $\amalg$ ), +358, 436.
American Mathematical Society, ii, vii.
ampersand, +25, 38, 51, @175--177, @190--196, @231--248, +282,
  344, 385--386, 428.
\AmSTeX, 164, +420, 434.
anatomy of \TeX, 38--39, +46, 85, +267, 349, 373, 379, 385, 386, +456.
|\angle| ( $\angle$ ), +358, 435.
angle brackets ( $\langle\,\rangle$ ), 59, @146--147, 150, +268, 420,
  437; \also |\langle|, |\rangle|.
angstrom unit, \see |\AA|.
|\annotations|, 403, @404, +407.
answers to the exercises, 305--337.
Antisthenes of Athens, 239.
apostrophe, 3--5, 51, @130, 155, 201, 324; \also octal.
|\approx| ( $\approx$ ), 128, 436.
Arabic, 66.
|\arccos| ( $\arccos$ ), 162, +361.
Archytas of Taras, 239.
|\arcsin| ( $\arcsin$ ), 162, 361.
|\arctan| ( $\arctan$ ), 162, 361.
Arenski\u\i, Anton Stepanovich, 410.
|\arg| ( $\arg$ ), 162, 361.
arguments, 33, 200--205, @263, 268, @375--380.
Aristippus of Cyrene, 239.
Aristophanes, 239.
Aristotle, 35.
arithmetic, 117--119, \see |\advance|, |\multiply|, |\divide|.
\<arithmetic>, +276.
arrays, @176--178, \see matrices.
arrows, @146--147, @182, @226, +437.
|\arrowvert| ( $\big\arrowvert$ ), 150, +359.
|\Arrowvert| ( $\big\Arrowvert$ ), 150, +359.
{\sl\backup The Art of Computer Programming}, 259--260.
as is, \see |\obeylines|, |\obeyspaces|, verbatim.
ASCII, 3, 43--45, 49, 214, 343, +367, 371.
\<assignment>, +275.
assignments, 275--278, 373.
|\ast| ( $\ast$ ), 436.
asterisk, 23, 25, 51, 99, 113, 116, @132--133, 154, @326.
|\asymp| ( $\asymp$ ), 436.
|at|, 16--17, 60, 213, 277, @408--409, @414, 433.
\<at clause>, +277.
at sign, 51, 98--99, 132, 134, @344, @364, @408, 414.
AT\&T, 247.
atoms, 157--159, 170--171, 289--290, 441--447.
\sub table of atomic types, 158.
*|\atop|, @143, @145, 152, @178, +292, +444.
*|\atopwithdelims|, @152, +292, @324, @360, +444.
author, typesetting by, 182, 412--413.
auxiliary spaces, \see ties.
axis line, 150--152, 179, 443--447.
\newletter
|\b| (bar-under accent), 52, +356.
Bach, Johann Sebastian, 408.
Bach, P\period\ D\period\ Q\period, 410--411, 481.
backslash, @7, 38, 39, 40, 51, 146--147, 343, @436.
|\backslash| ( $\backslash$ ), @38, @146--147, +359, 435, @436.
backspacing, @66, 82--83, 222, @394--395, @418.
Backus, John Warner, 268.
Bacon, Francis, viscount St\period\ Albans, 41.
Bacon, Leonard, 1.
bad breaks, avoiding, 27--30, 91--94, 173--174, 197.
badness, @28--30, 97--99, 111--113, 302.
\<balanced text>, 275, +276, 385.
balancing columns, 386--388, @396--397, @417.
|\bar| (math accent: $\bar x$), 135, @136.
bar accent (\={}), \see |\=|, |\bar|.
bar-under accent (\b{\hbox{ }}), \see |\b|.
Barrett, Percy Reginald, 197.
Barrough, Philip, 229.
baseline, 15, +63, 77, 80--81, 150.
*|\baselineskip| (normal vertical distance between baselines), @78--79, +80,
  104, 194, 253, @256, 274, 281, 342, 349, @351--352, @409, @414--415.
*|\batchmode|, +32, +277, 299, @336.
Batey, Charles, 197.
beauty, 1.
Beck, Simone, 233, 236.
Beethoven, Ludwig van, 408, 410--411.
Beeton, Barbara Ann Neuhaus Friend Smith, 483.
|\beginchapter|, 418.
*|\begingroup|, 21, @249, @262, +279, @380, @407, @419.
|\beginsection|, @340--341, +355.
*|\belowdisplayshortskip|, +189, 274, @348, @415.
*|\belowdisplayskip|, +189, +190, 194, 274, 291, @348, @415.
Bemer, Robert William, \see TEX, ASCII.
bent bars, \see angle brackets.
Bertholle, Louisette, 233, 236.
|\beta| ( $\beta$ ), @127, 434.
|\Beta|, 434.
|\bf| (use {\bf boldface} type), @13--14, @164--165, @328, +351, @409,
  @414--415.
|\bffam|, +351, @414--415.
|\bgroup| (implicit |{|), 269, +351, @363, 382, +385, @407, @421.
Bibby, Duane Robert, i.
Biblical references, 303, @311.
bibliographies, 4, @74, 93, @340--341.
|\big| (largish delimiter), 147, 171, @320, @359, +360, @414--415.
|\Big| (between |\big| and |\bigg|), 147, 175, @359, +360.
big-$O$ notation, 132, @161--162, @169.
big point, 57, \see |bp|.
|\bigbreak|, 111, 116, +353, @363.
|\bigcap| (large $\cap$), 147, 435.
|\bigcirc| ( $\bigcirc$ ), 436.
|\bigcup| (large $\cup$), 147, 435.
|\bigg| (large delimiter), @147, 175, 196, 327, @359, +360.
|\Bigg| (larger than |\bigg|), 147, 175, @359, +360.
|\bigggl|, |\bigggr|, 324.
|\biggl| (|\bigg| left delimiter), 147, @149, +359, 437.
|\Biggl| (|\Bigg| left delimiter), 147, 149, +359, 437.
|\biggm| (|\bigg| middle delimiter), 147, +359.
|\Biggm| (|\Bigg| middle delimiter), 147, +359.
|\biggr| (|\bigg| right delimiter), 147, @149, +359.
|\Biggr| (|\Bigg| right delimiter), 147, 149, +359.
|\bigl| (|\big| left delimiter), @146--147, 149--150, 155, 171, @175, +359, 437.
|\Bigl| (|\Big| left delimiter), 147, +359, 437.
|\bigm| (|\big| middle delimiter), 147, +359, 171, @175.
|\Bigm| (|\Big| middle delimiter), 147, +359.
|\bigodot| (large $\odot$), 435.
|\bigoplus| (large $\oplus$), 435.
|\bigotimes| (large $\otimes$), 435.
|\bigr| (|\big| right delimiter), @146--147, 149--150, 171, @175, +359.
|\Bigr| (|\Big| right delimiter), 147, +359.
|\bigskip|, 70, 109, 111, 115--116, +352, @355, @407, @410--412.
|\bigskipamount|, 123, +349, @352--353, @363.
|\bigsqcup| (large $\sqcup$), 435.
|\bigtriangledown| ( $\bigtriangledown$ ), 436.
|\bigtriangleup| ( $\bigtriangleup$ ), 436.
|\bigtype|, 408--409, 411.
|\biguplus| (large $\uplus$), +358, 435.
|\bigvee| (large $\vee$), 435.
|\bigwedge| (large $\wedge$), 435.
Bill, 387, 394.
Bin atom, 158, 170--171, 289, 442--444, 446.
binary operations, @132--133, 154--155, 164, 196, 358, 435, +436;
  \also Bin atom.
binary search, 387--388.
binomial coefficient, 143, \see |\choose|.
*|\binoppenalty|, 101, 174, 272, 322, @348, +446.
black box, 64, +221, +222.
blackboard bold (e\period g\period, $\rm I\!R$), 164, 434.
blank line in input file, 24, 37, +47, @340--341, 381.
blank space, \see spaces.
Blase B\"ohning, Maria Dorothea, 248.
block structure, \see grouping.
block style, 405--407.
|\bmit| (boldface math italic), 156.
|\bmod| ( $\bmod$ ), @164, 322, +361.
|\body|, @403--404, +407.
Boehm, Peter James, 159.
B\"ohning, Jobst Heinrich, 248.
B\"ohning, Martin John Henry, 248.
Bohning Knuth, Louise Marie, 248.
boldface, 13, 156, 164--165, 386.
book design, 412.
book preparation, 303, 425.
|\bordermatrix|, @177, +361.
|\bot| ( $\bot$ ), 435.
*|\botmark|, 213, +258, 259--260, @262--263, 280.
boundary item, 157, 442, 446.
Bourbaki, Nicolas, 106.
|\bowtie| ( $\bowtie$ ), +358, 436.
\<box>, 120, 222, +278, 282, 285, 290.
*|\box| (use box register), 120--122, 151, 222, +278, 346, @354, @386, @387.
|\box255|, 125, 253--258.
\<box dimension>, +271, 277.
box displays, 66, 75, 79, 158--159, 302, 455.
box memory, 300, 394.
\<box or rule>, +281.
\<box size assignment>, +277.
\<box specification>, 222, +278.
\cstok{boxed} control sequence names, 38.
boxed material, @223, @420.
boxes, 63--67, 77--83.
*|\boxmaxdepth|, +81, 113, 249, @255, 274, @348.
|bp| (big point), +57, 270.
|\brace| (notation like $n\brace k$), +360.
|\braceld|, |\bracelu|, |\bracerd|, |\braceru| (pieces of horizontal braces),
  @+357.
braces, 51, 216, +269, 275--276, 279, 283, 286, 289--291, 330, 345, 385--386.
\sub for arguments to macros, @20, @200--202, +203, +204, @205--206, 385--386.
\sub for grouping, @13--14, @19--21, 232, 248, 253.
\sub horizontal, @176, 225--226, @339.
\sub implicit, +269, \see |\bgroup|, |\egroup|.
\sub in math formulas, @145--147, @174--176.
|\bracevert| ( $\big\bracevert$ ), 150, +359.
|\brack| (notation like $n\brack k$), +360.
brackets, 51, 134, @146--148, 171, @408, @437.
|\break| (force line or page break), 94, 97, 106, 114, 193, +353.
breakpoints, +96, 97--100, +110, 111--114, 394.
\sub avoiding bad, 27--30, 91--94, 109--111, 173--174, 197.
\sub discretionary, @95--96, 173, +287, +292, @357.
\sub forcing good, 94, 105, 109--111, 114.
\sub in displays, 195--197.
\sub in formulas, 173--174, 446--447.
|\breve| (math accent: $\breve x$), 135.
breve accent (\u{}), \see |\u|, |\breve|.
British pound sign, 54.
brochures, 251.
*|\brokenpenalty|, +104, 105, 273, @348.
Brooks, Frederick Phillips, Jr\period, 365.
Brown, Peter John, 425.
|\buildrel|, +361, @437.
built-up (extensible) characters, 442.
built-up fractions, \see |\over|.
|\bull| ( $\bull$ ), +420.
Bull, John, 239.
|\bullet| ( $\bullet$ ), @133, 154, @355, 436.
bulleted lists, 102, 105.
business correspondence, 200, 403--408.
|by|, @118, +276.
|\bye|, 87--88, @340, +357.
Byron, George Gordon No\"el Byron, baron, vii.
\newletter
|\c| (cedilla accent), @24--25, 52, +356.
|\cal| (calligraphic caps), 164, +351, 431, 434.
calculus, 168--169, 180--181.
camera alignment, 416--417.
|\cap| ( $\cap$ ), 133, 436.
capacity of \TeX, 100, 300--301, 383.
caps and small caps, 203.
captions, 115.
caret, 369.
carriage return, 231, \see \<return>, |\cr|.
|\cases| ( $\bigl\{{\cdots\atop\cdots}$ ), 175, +362.
Caswell, Herbert Ernest, 413.
*|\catcode|, @39, 134, 214, +271, 305, @343, @380--382, @384, @390--391,
  @421, @424.
category codes, 37--40, +47, 48, 203--205, 209--210, 214, 381.
\sub table, 37.
|cc| (cicero), 57, 270.
|\cdot| ( $\cdot$ ), @133, @172, 319, 436.
|\cdotp|, 358, +359, 438.
|\cdots| ( $\cdots$ ), @172, @176, @180--181, +359, 438.
cedilla accent (\c{\ }), 25, 52, 54, \see |\c|.
ceiling brackets ( $\lceil\,\rceil$ ), 146--147, \see |\lceil|, |\rceil|.
centering, 71, 233, 236.
|\centering|, +348, 362.
|\centerline| (make a centered line), @20, @24, 33, 71, 85, 101, @117, 232,
  311, @340, +353.
|\cents| ( \hbox{\rm\rlap/c} ), 140, +319.
Ces\`aro, Ernesto, 53.
Cha\u\i kovski\u\i, P\"etr Il'ich, 410--411.
*|\char|, @43--46, 76, 86, 155, 283, +286, 289, @340, @427, 452.
\<character>, +289.
character codes, 43--46, 367--370.
\<character token>, +270.
*|\chardef|, 44, 121, 155, 210, 214, 215, 272, +277, 336, @343, @345, 452.
\<chardef token>, +271, 272.
Charles XII of Sweden, 92.
Chaundy, Theodore William, 197.
|\check| (math accent: $\check x$), 135.
check accent (\v{}), \see |\v|, |\check|.
chemical typesetting, 179.
Cherry, Lorinda Landgraf, 159.
|\chi| ( $\chi$ ), 1, 434.
Chicago, University of, Press, 125, 293, 418, 439.
Child, Julia, 233, 236.
Children's Television Workshop, ii.
choice, four-way, 157, +292, +442.
|\choose| (notation like \setbox0=\hbox{$n\choose k$}\dp0=0pt\box0),
  139, 143, 152, 178, 360.
Christie Mallowan, Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa (Miller), 249.
cicero, \see |cc|.
|\circ| ( $\circ$ ), @133, @323, 436.
circles, \see |\circ|, |\bigcirc|.
circular quotation, 101.
circumflex, 369, \see hat.
circumflex accent (\↑{}), 52, +356, \see |\↑|.
classes of math characters, table, 154.
*|\cleaders|, +224, 225--226, @357, @374.
|\cleartabs|, @234, +354.
Close atom, 158, 170--171, 289, 443--444, 446.
*|\closein|, 217, 280.
*|\closeout|, 226--228, 254, +280, @422.
|\closing|, @403--404, +407.
closings, 134, 147, 154--155, 359, +437; \also Close atom.
club lines, 104, 272, 398.
*|\clubpenalty|, 104, 113, 272, 317, @348, @419.
|\clubsuit| ( $\clubsuit$ ), 435.
|cm| (centimeter), @24, +57, 270.
|cmbx| fonts, 60, 350, 413, 428, 433.
|cmex| fonts, 157, 225, 350, 432--433.
|cmmi| fonts, 350--351, 413--414, 430, 433.
|cmr| fonts, 16--17, 60, 63--64, 76, 350, 413, 427, 433.
|cmsl| fonts, 63--64, 350, 413, 428, 433.
|cmsy| fonts, 157, 350--351, 413--414, 431.
|cmti| fonts, 350, 413, 428, 433.
|cmtt| fonts, 60, 350, 413--414, 429, 433.
\<code assignment>, +276.
\<codename>, +271.
codes for characters, 43--46, 367--370.
Coelho, Manuel Rodrigues, 239.
coerce \<dimen> to \<number>, 270.
coerce \<glue> to \<dimen>, 270.
coerce \<number> to \<dimen>, 336.
\<coerced dimen>, +270.
\<coerced integer>, +269.
\<coerced mudimen>, +270.
collective signs, \see large operators.
colon, 51, @133--134, @155, 161, @174, @438.
|\colon| ( $\colon$ ), @134, +359, @438.
color, 229.
column vector, 177.
column width, 29, 231, @257, @387, 417.
|\columns|, 231, 354.
comma, 51, @72--73, @134, @161--162, @172--174, @394--395, 430.
commands, 267--293.
comments, 26, 47, 337, @340.
communication between macros, 211, 328--329, 375--376, 407--408.
commutative diagram, @182.
composing stick, 64--65.
compound fraction, @143.
compound matrix, @181.
Computer Modern fonts, 16, 350, 427--438.
computer programs, 38, 165, @234.
concert programs, 408--412.
conditionals, 206--208, +209, +210, 211, 240, @308, @384.
|\cong| ( $\cong$ ), 151, 360, 436.
constants, +269, 270, 308.
continued fractions, @142.
\<control sequence>, +275, 277.
control sequences, 7--11, +47, 199, 457.
\sub misspelled, 31--32.
control space (|\|\]), @8, 10, 19, @73, @74, 86--87, 154, @163, @167, 283,
  +285, +290, 351, @381.
control symbols, 7--8, 46--47.
control words, 7--8, 38, 46--47, 204.
coordinates, 389.
|\coprod| (large $\amalg$), 435.
*|\copy| (copy a box), 120, 151, +222, 278, @329, @374, @386, @407.
|\copyright| ( \copyright\ ), ii, @308, 339, +356.
Cornet, Peeter, 239.
Correa de Arauxo, Francisco, 239.
correspondence, 200, 403--408.
|\cos| ( $\cos$ ), 162, 361.
|\cosh| ( $\cosh$ ), 162, 361.
cost of a page break, 111--113, 124.
|\cot| ( $\cot$ ), 162, 361.
|\coth| ( $\coth$ ), 162, 361.
*|\count| registers, 118--122, 207--208, +271, +276, @346--347, @379.
\sub |\count0|, +119, @207, 252--254, +362.
*|\countdef|, 119, 121, 210, 215, 271, +277, @346--347.
\<countdef token>, +271.
Cowper, William, 35.
*|\cr| (end of aligned row), @175--177, @190--197, @231--238, +245, +248,
   275, 282, 351, 352, 385--386, @412, @418, @421.
\sub avoiding, 249.
cramped styles, 140--141, 445.
*|\crcr| (force |\cr|), 249, 275, 282, @361--362, 385, @412, @421.
Crocker, Betty, 425.
cross, \see |\dag| (~\dag~), |\times| (~$\times$~).
crotchets, \see brackets.
|\csc| ( $\csc$ ), 162, 361.
*|\csname|, 40--41, +213, @348, @375.
|\csname\endcsname|, 47, 308.
cube root, @130--131.
Cummings, Edward Estlin, 49.
|\cup| ( $\cup$ ), 133, 436.
curly braces, \see braces.
current font, 13, 20, 154, 163, 213--214.
current page, 112, 122--125, 278, 280.
cyclic preambles, +241, @242, @246, @361, @412.
Cyrillic characters, 370.
\newletter
|\d| (dot-under accent), 52--53, +356.
|\dag| ( \dag\ ), 53, 117, +356, 438--439.
|\dagger| ($\dagger$ as binary operator), 436, 439.
Dale, Robert William, 283.
|\danger|, 419.
dangerous bend, v--vi, 5, 15, 44--45, 70, 419.
Danish characters, 45--46, 52--53, 370.
|\dash|, 30.
dashes, 4, @26, @30, 51, 93, 95.
|\dashv| ( $\dashv$ ), 436.
date, today's, 406.
*|\day|, 273, 349, 406.
|dd| (did\↑ot point), +57, 270, 272.
|\ddag| ( \ddag\ ), 117, +356, 438--439.
|\ddagger| ($\ddagger$ as binary operator), 436, 439.
|\ddot| (math accent: $\ddot x$), 135, +359.
|\ddots| ( \smash{$\ddots$} ), 177, +359.
|\ddt| (debugging aid), 248.
De Vinne, Theodore Low, 107.
*|\deadcycles|, 214, +255, 264, 271, 283, @401.
debugging, 205, 248, 298--303, 347.
decent lines, 97, 99.
\<decimal constant>, +270.
decimal points, 57, 134, 240.
\<def>, +275.
*|\def|, 44, 136, 199--208, 215, 275--276.
default output routine, 253--255.
default rule thickness, 443--447.
default values of parameters, 348--349.
*|\defaulthyphenchar|, 273, @348.
*|\defaultskewchar|, 273, @348.
defining a control sequence, 199--208.
\<definition>, +275.
\<definition text>, +275.
|\deg| ( $\deg$ ), 162, 361.
degrees ( $↑\circ$ ), @180.
*|\delcode|, +156, 214, 271, +290, @345.
\<delete> (ASCII code 127), 37, 39, 343, 369.
deleting tokens, 32, 215, @295--297.
\<delim>, 289--290.
delimited arguments and parameters, 203--205, 249, @263, @375--377, @407.
*|\delimiter|, +156, 289--290, @359.
*|\delimiterfactor|, 152, 273, @348, +446.
delimiters, 145--150, 156--157, @171, +290, 437, +442.
*|\delimitershortfall|, 152, 274, @348, +446.
|\delta| ( $\delta$ ), @127, 434.
|\Delta| ( $\Delta$ ), @169, @186, 434.
demerits, 94, 97--99, 273, @451.
denominator, 141, 152, 179, 444--445.
|depth|, 221, 224, +282, 337.
depth of a box, 63--67, 77, 80--82, 225.
Derek, Bo, 293.
descenders, 63, 113, 319, 323.
design size, 16--17, 213.
|\det| ( $\det$ ), 162, +361.
device-independent output, 23; \also |.dvi|.
Diabelli, Antonio, 408.
diagnostic form of lists, 66, 75, 79, 158--159, 302, 455.
dialogs with the user, 217--218.
|\diamond| ( $\diamond$ ), 436.
diamond leaders, viii.
|\diamondsuit| ( $\diamondsuit$ ), 435.
D\'\i az de la Pe\~na, Maximiliano Antonio Tem\'\i stocles, 384.
Dick and Jane, 72--74, 76.
Dictionaries, 259, 449--453.
Did\↑ot, Fran\c cois Ambroise, 57.
did\↑ot point, 57, \see |dd|.
dieresis (\"{}), +52, 53, 356, \see |\"|.
diesis ( \ddag\ ), \see |\ddag|.
Dieter, Ulrich Otto, 14.
\<digit>, +269.
\<digit string>, 57.
digits, 51, 132, 435, 453.
\sub width of, 60, 241, 427.
|\dim| ( $\dim$ ), 162, 361.
\<dimen>, 59, 61, 71, 118, +270, 271.
\<dimen parameter>, 271, +274, 276.
*|\dimen| registers, 118--122, +271, +276, @346--347, @349, @360, @363, @395.
\<dimen variable>, +276.
*|\dimendef|, 119, 215, +277, @346--347.
\<dimendef token>, +271.
dimensions, 57--61.
\sub as arguments, 204, 362.
Dionysius I of Syracuse, 239.
diphthongs, \see |\ae|, |\oe|.
discardable items, 95, 110--112, 124, @393.
*|\discretionary|, 95--96, 283, 286, +287, +292.
discretionary hyphens, 28, 95--96, 453.
discretionary multiplication signs, 173, +357.
display math mode, 85--89, 289--293.
display style, 140--142, 441--447.
*|\displayindent|, 188, 190, 274, 291, 349.
*|\displaylimits|, 144, 159, +291--+292, 443.
|\displaylines|, 194, @196, +362.
Displays, 87, 103, @139--145, @166--167, 185--197, @232, @241, 315.
\sub at beginning of paragraph, 316.
\sub non-centered, 186, 326, 375, 420--421.
\sub positioning of, +188--+190.
*|\displaystyle|, 141--142, +292, @362.
*|\displaywidowpenalty|, 104, 272, @348.
*|\displaywidth|, 188, 190, 274, 349.
Disraeli [Beaconsfield], Benjamin, earl, 219.
ditto mark, 53, 441.
|\div| ( $\div$ ), 436.
*|\divide|, @118--119, @218--219, +276, @391, @397, @398, @417.
|\do|, 344, 380, 423.
dollar sign, 4, 38, 51, 54, 86--88, @92, 127, @134--135, @185--186, 283,
  +287, +293.
Donnelley, Richard Robert, vii.
|\dospecials|, +344, 380, 422--423.
|\dosupereject|, 256, +364.
|\dot| (math accent: $\dot x$), 135.
dot accent (\.{}), \see |\.|, |\dot|.
dot-under accent (\d{\hbox{ }}), \see |\d|.
|\doteq| ( $\doteq$ ), +361, 436.
|\dotfill| (\hbox to 4em{\dotfill}), 244, @334, @335, @340--341, +357.
dotless letters, 52--53, 136, 435.
|\dots| ( \dots\ ), 173, +356; \also ellipses.
double-column format, @257, 386--388, @417.
double dagger, \see |\ddag|, |\ddagger|.
double dangerous-bend signs, vi, 419.
double integrals, @169, @180.
double quote mark, 52, 53, 134; \also hexadecimal.
*|\doublehyphendemerits|, 98, 273, @348, @451.
|\downarrow| ( $\downarrow$ ), @146--147, @182, +359, 437.
|\Downarrow| ( $\Downarrow$ ), @146--147, +359, 437.
|\downbracefill| (\hbox to 4em{\downbracefill}), 225--226, 331, +357.
Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan, 401.
*|\dp|, 120, 271, @316, +388--+389, @417.
dragon curve, 391.
Drofnats, Revinu Jitis, 24, 27--28, 73--74, 404--406, 408, 410--412.
Dudeney, Henry Ernest, 249, 334.
Dull, Brutus Cyclops, 131, 173, 260.
|\dummy|, 401.
*|\dump|, +283, +286, 336, @344.
Durant, William James, 239.
|.dvi|, 23, 43, 60, 119, 213, 228, 254, 279, 280, 302, 367, 374.
Dvo\v r\'ak, Anton\'\i n Leopold, 409.
$dx$, @168.
\newletter
EBCDIC, 43.
*|\edef|, @215--216, 275, @328, @348, @373--374.
editing, 34, 139, 197.
efficiency, 329, 333, 342, 345, 347, 383, 384, 394, 400, 423.
|\egroup| (implicit |}|), 269, +351, @363, 382, +385, @407, @421.
Ehlert, Ernst Fred, 248.
Ehlert Bohning, Pauline Anna Marie, 248.
|\eightpoint|, +415, @416.
|\eject| (force page break), @24--25, 105, 109, 189, +353, @418, @419.
elbows, \see angle brackets.
|\ell| ( $\ell$ ), 132, 435.
ellipses ( $\cdots$ ), 73, 172--174, 176--177, 180--182, 245.
Elphinstone, Mountstuart, 89.
*|\else|, 207, 210, +213.
|em|, 60, 154, 166, 214, +270, @352, @414, 433.
em-dash ( --- ), 4, 302.
em quad, \see |\quad|.
embellished letters, \see accents.
emergency stops, 299--300.
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 41.
emphatics, \see dot-under.
\<empty>, +268.
|\empty|, @263, +351, @378.
empty discretionary, 95, 286.
empty group, 19, 253, 305.
empty line in input file, 24, 37, +47, @340--341, 381.
\sub at end of file, 217.
empty line in output, 114, 316.
empty page, 114.
|\emptyset| ( $\emptyset$ ), 128, 435.
en-dash ( -- ), 4, 187, 252, 314.
en quad, 71, \see |\enspace|.
*|\end|, 23, 26, @27, 87, +264, +283, 286, 299, @336, @403.
end of an input file, 206, 214, 217.
end of file line, \see \<return>, |\cr|.
end of file page, \see \<formfeed>.
end of paragraph, 286, \see |\par|.
|\endchapter|, 418--419.
*|\endcsname|, 40--41, +213, 283, @348, @375.
endgame, 87, 264, 283.
|\endgraf|, @262, 286, @331, +351, @407, @416, @419.
*|\endgroup|, 21, @249, @262, +279, @380, @407, @419.
*|\endinput|, 47, +214.
|\endinsert|, 115--116, +363.
|\endletter|, @403--404, +407.
|\endline|, +351.
*|\endlinechar|, +48, 273, @331, +348, @390--391.
|\endtemplate|, 240.
|\enskip|, 71, +352.
|\enspace|, @202, +352, @419.
enumerated cases, in formulas, 175.
\sub in separate paragraphs, @102, @340.
\sub within a paragraph, 92.
enunciations, \see |\proclaim|.
epigraphs, 418--419, 425.
|\epsilon| ( $\epsilon$ ), 1, 128, 434.
|\eqalign|, @190--191, 193, 242, 326, +362.
|\eqalignno|, @192--193, 194, +362.
\<eqno>, +293.
*|\eqno|, @186--187, 189--191, 193, +293, 375--376.
\<equals>, +275, 276--277.
equals sign, 51, @133, 209, 226, 275, @376.
equation numbers, 186--196.
|\equiv| ( $\equiv$ ), @133, 436.
Erd\H os, P\'al (= Paul), 53.
*|\errhelp|, 275, +280, @347.
*|\errmessage|, 216, +279--+280, @347, @418.
error messages, 30--33, 295--301, 308--309.
error recovery, 31--32, 46, 215, 295--303, 309.
*|\errorstopmode|, +32, +33, +277, 299.
es-zet ( \ss\ ), \see |\ss|.
\<escape> (ASCII code 27), 369.
escape character, 7, 37, 421.
*|\escapechar|, 40, 213, +228, 273, @308, +348, @377.
|\eta| ( $\eta$ ), 434.
|etc.|, 302.
Eulerian numbers, 152.
Evagoras of Salamis, 239.
even-numbered pages, 252--253, @416.
*|\everycr|, 275, @362.
*|\everydisplay|, 179, 275, +287, @326.
*|\everyhbox|, 275, 279.
*|\everyjob|, 275.
*|\everymath|, 179, 275, +287, +293.
*|\everypar|, @105, 215, 253, @262, 275, +282, +283, @333, @381, @407, @421.
*|\everyvbox|, 275, 279.
|ex|, 60, 154, +270, @356, 433.
exception dictionary, 449, 452--453.
exclamation point, 51, @72, 73, 75, 161, @169.
|\exercise|, 10, +422.
exercises, vii, 1--303.
*|\exhyphenpenalty|, +96, @262, 272, @348.
|\exists| ( $\exists$ ), 435.
|\exp| ( $\exp$ ), 162, 361.
*|\expandafter|, @40, +213, 215, @260, @308, @330, @348, @374--380.
expansion of expandable tokens, 212--216, 267, 373--374.
\sub avoiding, 216, 262--263, 377.
explicit hyphens, 4, 93, 454.
explicit kerns, 40, 280, 306, 454--455.
exponents, \see superscripts.
extensible characters, 442.
extension fonts, 157, @351, 432--433, 441, 447.
extensions to \TeX, 226, 228--229.
eyestrain, reducing, 59.
\newletter
faces, 13, 17, 390.
\<factor>, 270.
factorial, @169, @181.
*|\fam|, 154--159, 273, +289--+290, 346--347, @351, 358, @414--415.
families, 153--159, 289--290, 346, 431, 442.
\<family assignment>, +277.
\<family member>, +271, 277.
family tree, 248.
family 0 (math roman fonts), 153--157, @351.
family 1 (math italic fonts), 155--157, @351.
family 2 (math symbol fonts), 157, @351, 431, 441, 447.
family 3 (math extension fonts), 157, @351, 432--433, 441, 447.
{\tt Fatal format error}, 299.
feasible breakpoints, 99, 315.
fences, \see openings, closings, delimiters.
ffl, \see ligatures.
*|\fi|, 207, 210, +213.
Fibonacci, Leonardo, of Pisa, 166.
fields of atoms, 158--159, 289--291.
|fil|, 72, 118--119, +271, @348, @394.
\<fil dimen>, +271.
\<fil unit>, +271.
|\filbreak|, 111, +353.
\<file name>, 214, 216, 226, 277, +278.
file names, 25, 214, 216--217, 226, 278.
file pages, 343.
file types, \see |.dvi|, |.fmt|, |.tfm|, |.tex|, log file, terminal.
|fill|, 72, 118--119, +271, @347.
fill page with blank space, \see |\vfill|.
\<filler>, +276, 278, 280--282, 289.
|filll|, 72, 118, +271, @332.
*|\finalhyphendemerits|, 98, @106, 273, @348, @451.
*|\firstmark|, 213, +258, 259--260, 280.
|\fiverm|, 153, +350, @351, @414--415.
|\flat| ( $\flat$ ), @409, 435.
floating insertions, 115--116, 125, @363.
*|\floatingpenalty|, 123--125, 273, 281, @363.
floor brackets ( $\lfloor\,\rfloor$ ), 146--147, \see |\lfloor|, |\rfloor|.
flush left, 72, 142, 177, 181, 196.
flush right, 71--72, 106, 142, 177, 196, 233, 419.
|.fmt|, 39, 344.
|\fmtname| and |\fmtversion|, 364.
|\folio| (typeset page number), 252--253, +362, @406, @416.
\<font>, +213, 214, 271, 277.
*|\font|, 16--17, 60, 210, +213, 214--215, 271, +277.
\<font assignment>, +277.
font metric files, 46, 433.
\<font range>, +271.
*|\fontdimen|, 76, 157, @179, 214, +271, +277, @355--356, @375, @390, +433,
  441, 447.
*|\fontname|, 213, 214.
fonts, 13--17; \also Computer Modern fonts.
|\footins|, 256, +363, 396--399, @416.
|\footline|, 252, 256, @340--341, +362.
|\footnote|, 82, 116, 251, 256, 340, +363, 382, 416.
|\footnoterule|, 256, +364.
footnotes, 105, @116--117, 121, 125, @173, 416--417.
\sub short, 395--400.
|\forall| ( $\forall$ ), 435.
forbidden control sequence, 206.
Ford, Patrick Kildea, 293.
foreign languages, 45--46, 52--54, 370, 387, 449, 451.
form letters, 200, 207--209.
format file, 25--26, 39, 283, 344.
format-independent documents, 194, 203.
formats, 11, 39, 200, 403--425, 434.
\<formfeed> (ASCII code 12), 343, 369.
formulas, 127--199.
Foss, Sam Walter, 439.
fractions, 67, 139--143, 152, 170, 179, 186, 444--445.
\sub huge, 196.
\sub slashed form, 67, 139--140, 233, 236.
Fraktur, 164, 434.
Franklin, Benjamin, 65.
French, 54, 340--341.
|\frenchspacing|, 74, @340, +351, 381, 401.
Frescobaldi, Girolamo, 239.
front matter, 413.
|\frown| ( $\frown$ ), 436.
full stop, \see period.
|\fullhsize|, 257.
|\fullline|, 257.
funny space, 377.
*|\futurelet|, +207, 215, @262, 277, @363, @375--377, @423.
|\futurenonspacelet|, 376.
\newletter
Galilei, Galileo, 101.
galley file, 303, 425.
Gamble, James, 38.
|\gamma| ( $\gamma$ ), @127, 434.
|\Gamma| ( $\Gamma$ ), @127, @169, +358, 434.
|\gcd| ( $\gcd$ ), 162, @192, 361.
*|\gdef|, +206, 215, 275, @352, @407.
|\ge| ( $\ge$ ), 9, 45, @175, 318, +361, 438.
\<general text>, +276, 277, 279, 280, 287, 292.
generalized fraction, 152, 157, +292, +444--+445.
generic coding, 194, 203.
generic matrix, 177, 245.
|\geq| ( $\geq$ ), 318, 436.
German, 52, 96, 451.
German black letters, \see Fraktur.
|\getfactor|, +375.
|\gets| ( $\gets$ ), +361, 438.
|\gg| ( $\gg$ ), 436.
Gibbon, Edward, 117.
*|\global|, @21, 119, 206, @218, 232, 256, +275, 301, 307, 320, 346.
\<global assignment>, 179, +277.
*|\globaldefs|, 238, 273, +275.
glue, 63, 69--83, 95, 110, 157, 222--225, 302, 412.
\sub above and below displays, 189--190, 194.
\sub at top of page, 113--114, 124, 256.
\sub between aligned columns, 237--239, 247, 392.
\sub between lines, \see interline glue.
\sub between paragraphs, 79, 104--105, 262, 282, 342, 406, 417.
\sub between words, 74--76, 356, 393--394, 433.
\<glue>, 71, 118, +271.
|\glue|, 75, 79, 302.
\<glue parameter>, 271, +274, 276.
|glue set|, 79, 302.
glue set order, 77, 79, 81, 97.
glue set ratio, 77, 79, 81, 97.
\<glue variable>, +276.
goal height, 112--114, 123--125.
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 183.
|\goodbreak|, 111, 116, +353.
Grandmaster, 253.
|\grave| (math accent: $\grave x$), 135.
grave accent (\`{}), \see |\`|, |\grave|.
greater than or equal, \see |\ge|.
greater than sign, 52, 53, @133, 150, 209.
Greek, 127--128, 137, 156, 319, 358, 430, 434.
Green, Walter, 244.
grouping, 13--14, 19--21, 119--120, 122, 200, 201, 241, 259, +279, 283,
  286, 291, 301, 375, 378, 385, 453.
\sub characters for, 39--40, @381--382.
\sub implicit, 115, 148, 194, 253, +287, +292, +293.
guide words, 259.
\newletter
|\H| (long Hungarian umlaut), 52, @53, +356, @420.
H\&J, \see hyphenation, line breaking, setting glue.
h\'a\v{c}ek accent (\v{}), \see |\v|, |\check|.
halftones, 228.
*|\halign|, 117, 190, 193, 194, 235--249, +282, 286, +291, 302, @326, 352,
  @361--362, @386, @392.
\sub compared to tabbing, 235.
Halmos, Paul Richard, 183.
Hamza, \see apostrophe.
|\hang|, +355, @419.
*|\hangafter|, +102, 103--104, 273, 348--349, @419.
*|\hangindent|, +102, @262, 274, 349, @407.
hanging indentation, 79, 102--103.
hanging punctuation, 394--395.
Hardy, Godfrey Harold, 321.
harpoons, 437.
hash mark, 38, 51, 113, @200--202, @+203, @204--205, 228, +235, @236--240.
Hassler, Hans Leo, 239.
hat, 38, 51, @128--130, 134, 369, @423.
|\hat| (math accent: $\hat x$), @135--136, 164.
hat accent (\↑{}), \see |\↑|, |\hat|, |\widehat|.
*|\hbadness|, 29, 272, +302, @348, @387--388, 401.
|\hbar| ( $\hbar$ ), @169, +358, 435.
hbox (box with horizontal list inside), 64.
*|\hbox|, 64--67, 77, 86, 93, 151, 159, 163, 175, 179, 185--186, 221, 222,
  278, 282, 388--389.
|\headline|, 252--253, 255, +362, @406.
|\heartsuit| ( $\heartsuit$ ), 435.
Hebrew, 66.
|height|, 221, 224, +282, 337.
height of a box, 63--67, 77, 80--82, 225.
help messages, 32, 280, 295--296.
\<hex digit>, +269.
\<hexadecimal constant>, +269.
hexadecimal notation, +43, @44, @154, 219, 336, 420.
*|\hfil|, 71--72, 194, 235--237, 283, 285, 290, 397.
*|\hfill|, 71--72, 142, 177, 194, 233, 283, 285, 290.
*|\hfilneg|, 72, 100, 283, 285, 290, 397.
*|\hfuzz|, 30, 274, +302, @348, @387--388.
|\hglue|, +352.
|\hideskip|, +347, 354.
|\hidewidth|, 243, 245, 247, 325, +354.
higher-level languages for composition, 203.
Highton, Albert H\period, 481.
Hilbert, David, 167.
*|\hoffset|, +251, 274, @342.
Holmes, Thomas Sherlock Scott, 401.
|\hom| ( $\hom$ ), 162, 361.
Hombert, Humbert, 401.
Honeywell Information Systems, 1.
|\hookleftarrow| ( $\hookleftarrow$ ), 358, 437.
|\hookrightarrow| ( $\hookrightarrow$ ), 358, 430, 437.
hooks, \see |\subset|, |\supset|.
horizontal braces, @176, 225--226, @339.
\<horizontal command>, +283.
horizontal lists, 64, +94--+95.
horizontal mode, 85--89, 105, +285--+287.
\<horizontal mode material>, 278.
\<horizontal rule>, 281.
horizontal rules, 24, 64, 221--226, 246, +282.
\<horizontal skip>, 285.
Hornschuch, Hieronymus, 483.
Howard, Jane Temple, 21.
|\hphantom|, 178, 211, +360.
*|\hrule|, @24, 64, 85, 221--225, @246, +281--+282, 286, @357, @420, @421.
|\hrulefill| (\hbox to4em{\hrulefill}), @244, @252, +357, @412.
*|\hsize|, @26--27, @60, 102, 188, 237, 251, @257, 274, @340--341, @348, @387, @406,
  @407, 413, 415, @417.
*|\hskip|, 71, 86, 168, 283, +285, 290, @314.
*|\hss|, 71, @82--83, 233, 283, 285, 290, 442.
*|\ht|, 120, 271, +388--+389, 417.
Hungarian umlaut (\H{}), \see |\H|.
hyphen, 4, 51, 93, 95, 132, 292.
|hyphen.tex|, 364, +453.
hyphenation, 28, 39, 96, 306, 314, 394--395, 414, 424, +449--+455.
*|\hyphenation|, 277, @419, +452--+453.
\<hyphenation assignment>, +277.
*|\hyphenchar|, 95, 214, +271, 273, +277, 286, 351, 395, @414, 454.
*|\hyphenpenalty|, 96, 101, 272, @348, @451.
\newletter
|\i| ( \i\ ), @52--53, +356.
|I can't go on|, 299.
|\ialign|, +354.
IBM Corporation, vii.
identifiers in programs, 38, 165, @234.
*|\if|, +209, 210--211, 307, 377, @379.
*|\ifcase|, +210, @349, @373, @390, @406.
*|\ifcat|, +209, 210, 307, @377.
*|\ifdim|, +209, @353, @387, @417.
*|\ifeof|, +210, 217.
|\iff| ( $\iff$ ), 163, +361, 438.
*|\iffalse|, +210, 211, @260--261, @348, @385--386.
*|\ifhbox|, +210, @392, @399.
*|\ifhmode|, +209, @363.
*|\ifinner|, +209.
*|\ifmmode|, +209, @215, @240, @353, @356, @360, @423.
*|\ifnum|, @208, +209, @218--219.
*|\ifodd|, @207, +209, @416, @418--419.
*|\iftrue|, +210, 211, @260--261, @348.
|\ifundefined|, 40.
*|\ifvbox|, +210.
*|\ifvmode|, +209.
*|\ifvoid|, +210, @256.
*|\ifx|, +210, 215, 307, +384, @375--377, @418.
ignored characters, 37, 390.
*|\ignorespaces|, +279, @333, @355, @424.
|! Illegal unit|, 295.
illustrations, 115--116.
\sub fitting copy around, 101.
|\Im| ( $\Im$ ), 435.
|\imath| ( $\imath$ ), @136, 435.
*|\immediate|, 226--228, +280, @422, @423.
implicit braces, +269, \see |\bgroup|, |\egroup|.
implicit characters, 269, 277, 309, 351, 376--377.
implicit kerns, 306, +454, 455.
|in| (inch), @24, +57, 270.
|\in| ( $\in$ ), @128, @147, 436.
|\inaccessible|, 297.
inch, 57--58.
incomplete conditionals, 206.
*|\indent|, 86, 94, 101, 263, +282, +286, +291, @355.
indentation, 86, 222, 282.
\sub hanging, 79, 102--103.
indention, \see indentation.
indexes, 261--263, 392--394, 423--425, 481.
indices, \see subscripts.
|\inf| ( $\inf$ ), 162, 361.
inferiors, \see subscripts.
infinite badness, 97, 111, 317.
infinite glue, 71--72, 118--119, 256, 313, 332.
infinite loop, 299, 301, 383.
infinite penalty, 97, 111, 254--256, 264, 286, 400.
|\infty| ( $\infty$ ), 9, 318, 435.
inhibiting expansion, 216, 262--263, 377.
|INITEX|, 39, 41, 76, 157, 283, 336, 343--345, 453.

\enddoublecolumns
\endchapter

% now we print the answers, if any

% that blank line will stop an unfinished \answer
\immediate\closeout\ans
\vfill\eject
\ninepoint
\input answers
\bye